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    • 专利摘要:
    A system for producing hot tap water, said system comprising a boiler, said boiler comprising — a lumen for holding tap water — an inlet for tap water for passing water into the lumen, — an outlet for discharging hot tap water from the lumen, and — an electrical heater for heating water, which water in use is stored in the lumen of the boiler. To combat Legionella, the system comprises a heat exchange unit allowing water from the outlet and to the inlet to be in a co—current heat—exchanging relationship.
    公开号:NL2021982A
    申请号:NL2021982
    申请日:2018-11-12
    公开日:2019-05-15
    发明作者:Nicolaas Ockhuizen Dirk
    申请人:Fortes Imp Installatie Agenturen B V；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Patent center
    The Netherlands
    © 2021982 © A PATENT APPLICATION © Int. Cl .:
    F24H 1/10 (2019.01) F24D 17/00 (2019.01) (2 ) Request number: 2021982 © Request submitted: November 12, 2018 © Priority:
    November 2017 NL 2019885 © Applicant (s):
    FORTES IMPORT INSTALLATION AGENTS
    B.V. in Houten.
    © Application registered:
    May 2019 © Request published:
    May 2019 © Inventor (s):
    Dirk Nicolaas Ockhuizen in Utrecht.
    © Authorized representative:
    ir. W.J.J.M. Kempes in Hilversum.
    54) A system for producing hot tap water, and a method for producing hot tap water
    57) A system for producing hot tap water, said system including a boiler, said boiler including
    - a lumen for holding tap water
    - an inlet for tap water for passing water into the lumen,
    - an outlet for discharging hot tap water from the lumen, and
    - an electrical heater for heating water, which water in use is stored in the lumen of the boiler.
    To combat Legionella, the system comprises a heat exchange unit allowing water from the outlet and to the inlet to be in a co-current heat-exchanging relationship.
    NL A 2021982
    This publication corresponds to the documents originally submitted.
    A system for producing hot tap water, and a method for producing hot tap water
    The present invention relates to a system for producing hot tap water, said system including a boiler, said boiler including
    - a lumen for holding tap water
    - an inlet for tap water for passing water into the lumen,
    - an outlet for discharging hot tap water from the lumen, and
    - an electrical heater for heating water, which water in use is stored in the lumen of the boiler.
    For combatting Legionella it is known to heat water in a boiler to a temperature or at least 65 ° C. This requires relatively much energy.
    The object of the present invention is to provide a system allowing for a reduction in energy consumption.
    To this end, a system according to the preamble is characterized in that the system comprises a heat exchange unit allowing water from the outlet and to the inlet to be in a heat-exchanging relationship, said heat exchanger being a co-current heat exchanger.
    It is known in the art to increase the temperature of water in-line to a temperature or at least 65 ° C to combat Legionella. This requires three-phase power, which is expensive. Alternatively it is known to heat water in a boiler, which has been kept at this relatively high temperature until use. With the boiler at a relatively high temperature, the loss of energy is relatively high. Also, the volume of water necessary for the intended use, e.g. a shower, has to be available in the boiler, which is consequently relatively large, with a large surface area leaking heat by conduction and / or radiation. A system according to the present invention allows water or elevated temperature, such as 55 °, to be supplied to the system, which temperature by itself does not meet the requirements to combat Legionalla. By passing the water through the system, the water is heated to the required temperature. When leaving the system, the relatively hot water is subject to heat exchange with the relatively warm water supplied to the boiler, reducing the amount of electricity needed to heat the water to the required temperature. The system allows the hot tap water to be provided by district heating, excess process heat such as from an industrial source or combined heat and power systems etc. In the system according to the present invention, the boiler can be relatively small, thus reducing the surface area about which loss of thermal energy occurs, saving energy.
    By using a co-current heat exchanger, the temperature of the water from the boiler leaving the heat exchanger is relatively hot, helping to combat Legionella. The temperature will drop over time, but then the initial relatively high temperature will have its Legionella combatting action.
    According to a favorite embodiment, the boiler has a capacity of less than 40 liters, preferably less than 30 liters and more preferably between 10 and 25 liters.
    This is sufficient for taking a shower.
    While the surface to volume ratio is better for relatively large boilers, the absolute loss of heat is larger in relatively large boilers. Thus it is possible to save energy by using a relatively small boiler or a system according to the present invention.
    The capacity of the boiler is sufficient to provide for a sufficient average residence time for reducing the risk of Legionella.
    Energy losses can be further reduced by providing the boiler with reflective cover capable of reflecting thermal radiation back to the boiler, thus saving expensive electrical energy.
    According to a favorite embodiment, the heat exchange unit connected to the outlet or the boiler comprises an outlet connected to a mixing tap.
    The temperature of the water from the boiler may vary over time. A system including a mixing tap will maintain a temperature desired by the user.
    According to a favorite embodiment, the system comprises thermal sensor and a controller for blocking the flow of heat and / or tap water based on input from the thermal sensor.
    The thermal sensor may be present in the heat exchange unit, in the boiler or in a conduit for heated tap water. Typically it will be present in the boiler. If the controller determines that a predetermined minimum temperature is not reached under particular conditions or use a predetermined length of time, the controller will prevent that hot water that has not been heated in the boiler will flow. Thus the risk of Legionella is reduced.
    According to a favorite embodiment, the system comprises a primary heat exchanger including a primary inlet and a primary outlet and a secondary inlet and a secondary outlet, the secondary outlet being connected to a primary inlet or the heat exchange unit (120 for tap water for passing water into the lumen.
    Thus the water circuit or hot water, e.g. from district heating, is separated from fresh tap water that has passed into the secondary inlet. Typically, the primary heat exchanger is a counter-current heat exchanger. This is very useful for using heat from an external source such as combined heat / power generation, process heat, district heating etc. The primary heat exchanger may be part of a heat pump for using low temperature water, allowing the tap water warmed in the primary heat exchanger to have a higher temperature than the temperature of the source for the heat pump, which may be ambient air, or residual heat from any source such as district heating.
    Finally, the present invention relates to a method of producing hot tap water in a system including a boiler, wherein the water is passed to a system according to any of the claims 1 to 5 as the system including a boiler, said water being passed in a co-current heat exchange relationship in a heat exchange unit with water leaving the boiler.
    Thus the risk of Legionella can be reduced at moderate cost.
    The invention also relates to the method in conjunction with any of the dependent claims for the system, in any combination, where repetition of the dependent claims has been abstained from for the sake of brevity.
    According to a favorite embodiment, water with a temperature between 30 ° C and 55 ° C is supplied to a primary inlet of the heat exchange unit.
    This is an important use case, where relatively cold hot water is avaible. For example, a heat pump system may include a large buffer tank for water (typically hundreds or liters) to meet demand, whether it is heating or a premises for water, for example, taking a shower. To combat Legionella, however, this large buffer barrel has been heated, which is done electrically. As rarely the water will be used at that temperature, the heat is lost through the outer surface of the boiler. According to a favorite embodiment of the present invention, a small electrical boiler would supplement the above system, thus saving energy.
    According to a favorite embodiment, fresh tap water supplied to a mixing tap is passed in a counter-current heat exchange relationship with spent water from the mixing tap and subsequently passed to the mixing tap.
    This saves valuable electrical energy and / or allows a user to take a shower longer.
    The present invention will now be illustrated with reference to the drawing where
    FIG. 1 shows a system for producing hot tap water; and
    FIG. 2 shows an advanced version of the system for producing hot tap water or Fig. 1.
    FIG. 1 schematically shows 100 system for producing hot tap water. Said system 100 comprises a boiler 110. The boiler 110 comprises
    - a lumen 115 for holding tap water (here 15 liters)
    - an inlet 111 for tap water for passing water into the lumen 115,
    - an outlet 112 for discharging hot tap water from the lumen 115, and
    - an electrical heater 114 for heating water, which water in use is stored in the lumen 115 or the boiler 110.
    Furthermore, the system 100 comprises a heat exchange unit 120 allowing water from the outlet 112 and to the inlet 111 to be in a heat-exchange relationship, ie allowing heat exchange between water supplied to the lumen 115 and water discharged from the lumen 115 .
    The heat exchange unit 120 comprises a first section 120a and a second section 120b, separated by a heat exchanger wall 125. The first section 120a comprises a first inlet 121a and a first outlet 122a. The second section 120b comprises a second inlet 121b and a second outlet 122b. The first outlet 122a is connected to the inlet 111 or the boiler 110, and the second inlet 121b is connected to the outlet 112 or the boiler 110.
    In a typical use case, pre-heated water having a temperature of, for example 48 °, is fed to the first inlet 121a or the first section 120a or the heat exchange unit 120 and passed into the lumen 115 where it is heated using the electrical heater 114 to a temperature of, for example 80 ° C or 75 ° C. This is more than enough to significantly reduce any legionella bacteria present in the lumen 115 or the boiler 110.
    In case there is need for hot tap water by a user, for example for taking a shower, water from a boiler is too hot and mixed with cold water before use. With the system according to the present invention, the hot water from the boiler 110 is put in a heat-exchange relationship in the heat exchange unit 120. In accordance with the present invention, this is a co-current heat-exchange relationship. As a result, heat is transferred from water from the lumen 115 to water that is to enter the lumen 115. As a result, a reduced amount of electrical energy is necessary to heat the water entering the first inlet 121a to the desired high temperature of , for example, 80 ° C or 75 ° C, because when it leaves the first outlet 122a its temperature has been raised by the water from the lumen 115.
    Typically, the thermal capacity of the electrical heater 114 will not be enough to keep the temperature at 80 ° C inside the lumen while tap water is tasks from the boiler 110. Its temperature will gradually drop. For this reason, for particular uses such as taking a shower, the system further comprises a mixing tap 140, which maintains a constant temperature chosen by the user. Thanks to the heat exchange unit 120, it is possible to subject the water to a high temperature before use despite the electrical heater or relatively low capacity (eg 2.5 kW), which allows the system to be relatively cheap because no three- phase power is necessary. This because the heat from water leaving the boiler is transferred to the water used to fill the boiler 110.
    If water or 75 ° C is introduced into the second inlet 121b or the second section 120b, the temperature of the water leaving the second outlet 122b is 62 ° C (and of the first outlet 122a 60 ° C). This is significantly higher than if the heat exchange unit 120 were a counter-current heat exchanger, in which case the output would be 50 ° C, which is insufficient to combat Legionella.
    In a typical use case, the heat exchange unit 120 is provided with pre-heated water, for example from a solar heater or from district heating. To this end a primary heat exchanger 130 may be present. The primary heat exchanger 130 comprises a first section 130a and a second section 130b, separated by a heat exchanger wall 135. The first section 130a comprises a first inlet 131a and a first outlet 132a. The second section 130b comprises a second inlet 131b and a second outlet 132b. The first section 130a is connected to the district heating piping, and the second inlet 131b is supplied with fresh tap water (upward arrow at the bottom) which is heated by flowing counter-current through the primary heat exchanger 130 and leaving the second outlet 132b which is connected to the first inlet 121a or the heat exchanger 120.
    FIG. 2 substantially agreed to FIG. 1, but with an additional safety feature to combat Legionella. In case the user turns the boiler off (to save energy) or in case of failure of the heating coil 114 or the boiler, the system can deliver hot water, the temperature or which is not enough to combat Legionella. In the embodiment of FIG. 2, there is a module 210 that measures the temperature of the water in the boiler 110 using a thermometer 230. If a minimum temperature of the boiler is not reached periodically, the controller 210 will stop the flow of water and or heat in the system . In the embodiment shown here, the valve 220 will be closed, and the supply of heat is stopped. The user will notice this and the system will be repaired or the boiler 110 will be plugged in again. The latter will be detected by the controller 210 and the system can produce safe water again.
    权利要求:
    Claims (2)
    [1]
    1/2
    131a
    131b
    140
    A system (100) for producing hot tap water, the system (100) comprising a boiler (110), the boiler (110) comprising:
    - a lumen (115) for retaining tap water
    - a inlet (111) for tap water in front of it let through from water in the lumen (115) - a outlet (112) for it leave walk out from warm tap water from the lumen (115), and - a electric heating (114) in front of it to heat from water,
    wherein the water stored in use is in the lumen (115) of the boiler (110);
    characterized in that the system (100) comprises a heat exchange unit (120) that allows water from the outlet (112) and to the inlet (111) to be in a heat exchange relationship, the heat exchanger (120) co-current heat exchanger (120).
    A system (100) according to claim 1, wherein the boiler (110) has a capacity of less than 40 liters, preferably of less than 30 liters and more preferably of between 10 and 25 liters.
    The system (100) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the heat exchange unit (120) connected to the outlet (112) of the boiler (110) comprises an outlet (122b) connected to a mixer tap (140) .
    A system (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the system comprises a thermal sensor and a controller for blocking the flow of heat and / or tap water based on input from the thermal sensor.
    The system (100) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the system (100) comprises a primary heat exchanger (130) that has a primary inlet (131a) and a primary outlet (132a) and a secondary inlet (131b) and a secondary outlet (132b), wherein the secondary outlet (132b) is connected to a primary inlet (121a) of the tap water heat exchange unit (120) for passage of water into the lumen (115).
    A method for producing hot tap water in a system comprising a boiler;
    5 wherein the water is passed to a system (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 5 as the system comprising a boiler (100), wherein the water is passed through a heat exchange relationship in a co-current heat exchange unit (120) ) wherein water leaves the boiler (110).
    A method according to claim 6, wherein water with a temperature of between 30 ° C and 55 ° C is supplied to a primary inlet (121a) of the heat exchange unit (120).
    8. A method according to any of claims 6 or 7, wherein fresh tap water supplied to a mixer tap (140) is passed in a countercurrent heat exchange relationship with spent water from the mixer tap (140) and is successively passed to the mixer tap (140).
    [2]
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    法律状态:
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    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    NL2019885|2017-11-10|
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